Village of Waterford

Active outdoor public recreation

Active outdoor public recreation land uses include all recreational land uses located on public property (including school district property) that involve active recreational activities. Such land uses include play courts (such as tennis courts and basketball courts), play fields (such as ball diamonds, football fields, and soccer fields), neighborhood parks, tot lots, outdoor swimming pools, swimming beach areas, fitness courses, public golf courses, and similar land uses.

Development Requirements:
(1)   Facilities using recreational facility night lighting and adjoining a residentially zoned property shall install and continually maintain a bufferyard with a minimum opacity of 0.60 (see Article XI). Said bufferyard shall be located at the property line adjacent to said residentially zoned property.
(2)   All structures and active recreational areas shall be located a minimum of 50 feet from any residentially zoned property.
(3)   Facilities that serve a regional or community-wide function shall provide an off-street passenger loading area if the majority of the users will be children.

Active outdoor public recreation

Active outdoor public recreation land uses include all recreational land uses located on public property (including school district property) that involve active recreational activities. Such land uses include play courts (such as tennis courts and basketball courts), play fields (such as ball diamonds, football fields, and soccer fields), neighborhood parks, tot lots, outdoor swimming pools, swimming beach areas, fitness courses, public golf courses, and similar land uses.

Development Requirements:
(1)   Facilities using recreational facility night lighting and adjoining a residentially zoned property shall install and continually maintain a bufferyard with a minimum opacity of 0.60 (see Article XI). Said bufferyard shall be located at the property line adjacent to said residentially zoned property.
(2)   All structures and active recreational areas shall be located a minimum of 50 feet from any residentially zoned property.
(3)   Facilities that serve a regional or community-wide function shall provide an off-street passenger loading area if the majority of the users will be children.

Artisan studio

A building or portion thereof used for the preparation, display and sale of individually crafted artwork, jewelry, furniture, sculpture, pottery, leather craft, hand-woven articles, and related items, as either a principal use or accessory use.

Bed and breakfast establishment

indoor lodging facilities that are defined in Wis. Stats. § 97.01(1g), and licensed by the State pursuant to Wis. Stats. Ch. 97.

Development Requirements:

(a)   Application requirements. Applicants for a conditional use permit to operate a bed-and-breakfast shall submit a floor plan of the single-family dwelling unit illustrating that the proposed operation will comply with the requirements of the statutes, the Wisconsin Administrative Code, and other applicable Village codes and ordinances.
(b)   Consideration of issuance. In addition to the standard criteria for issuance of a CUP, after the Plan Commission holds its public hearing it shall determine whether the CUP should be issued based upon the public convenience and necessity of the people in the Village. In the Plan Commission's determination of the number of bed-and-breakfast operations required to provide for such public convenience and necessity, the Commission shall consider the effect upon residential neighborhoods, conditions of existing holders of permits, and the necessity of issuance of additional permits.
(c)   Public nuisance violations. Bed-and-breakfast operations shall not be permitted whenever the operation endangers, or interferes with the safety or rights of others so as to constitute a nuisance.
(d)   Suspension, revocation, and renewal. Any permit issued under the provisions of this subsection may be revoked by the Village Board for good cause shown after investigation and opportunity to the holder of such license to be heard in opposition thereto pursuant to the provisions of § 245-16; in such investigation the compliance or noncompliance with the state law and local ordinances, the conduct of the licensee in regard to the public, and other consideration shall be weighed in determination of such issue.

Boardinghouse

Boardinghouses include rooming houses and any residential use renting rooms that are not accommodating tourists or transients.

Development Requirements:
(1)   Facility shall be surrounded by a bufferyard with a minimum opacity of 0.60 along all property borders abutting residentially zoned property (see Article XI).
(2)   Boardinghouses may only be located in an area of transition from residential land uses to nonresidential land uses, as determined by the Zoning Administrator.
(3)   It shall be unlawful for any persons to operate a boardinghouse as defined and as permitted in this chapter without first having obtained a conditional use permit.

Bus yard

A place where buses are parked when not in use and may include administrative offices and a building for the storage, care, and maintenance of buses in the fleet.

Development Requirements:
(1) Location of use areas. Outdoor storage areas and other activity areas related to this use may not be located:

(a) In the front-yard building setback area;
(b) Within 30 feet of a side or rear lot line when the adjoining property is located in a residential zoning district or a planned development district that allows residential uses;
(c) Within 20 feet of a side or rear lot line when the adjoining property is located in a commercial zoning district; and
(d) Ten feet from a side or rear lot line when the adjoining property is located in any other zoning district. Employee parking areas may be located in those areas otherwise allowed in this chapter.

(2)   Vehicle maintenance. The repair and maintenance of busses and other vehicles in the fleet must occur within an enclosed building.
(3)   Fencing. Depending on the scale and nature of the bus yard, the Plan Commission may on a case-by-case basis require a solid fence, as approved by the Plan Commission, in those areas where screening is needed in the judgment of the Plan Commission to mitigate potential impacts to adjoining properties.
(4)   Control of fugitive dust. As part of the site plan and operation plan review process, the control of fugitive dust (e.g., dust from a gravel yard) generated by this use, if any, shall be addressed to the satisfaction of the Plan Commission.
(5)   Hazardous materials and bulk fuel. As part of the site plan and operation plan review process, the storage of hazardous materials and bulk fuel, if any, shall be addressed to the satisfaction of the Plan Commission.

Business or light industrial incubator

Business and light industrial incubator land or facilities that encourage the development and retention of start-up and entry-level businesses suited to the Village, including, but not limited to, recreational businesses that use the Fox River, and their accessory buildings and uses.

Campground

Campgrounds include any facilities designed for overnight accommodation of persons in tents, travel trailers, or other mobile or portable shelters or recreational vehicles.

Commercial indoor lodging

Commercial indoor lodging facilities include land uses that provide overnight housing for tourists and transients, and include hotels, motels, inns and tourist rooming houses as defined in Wis. Stats. § 97.01. Restaurants, lounges, fitness centers, and other on-site facilities available to nonlodgers are not considered accessory uses and therefore require review as a separate land use.

Commercial small animal boarding

Commercial small animal boarding facilities include land uses that provide short-term and/or long-term boarding for animals and commercial kennels. Exercise yards, fields, training areas, and trails associated with such land uses are considered accessory thereto and do not require separate consideration.

Communication tower

Communication towers include all freestanding broadcasting, receiving, or relay structures and similar principal land uses and any office, studio, or other land uses directly related to the function of the tower.

Development Requirements:
(1)   Communication towers shall be erected and installed in accordance with the State Electrical Code adopted by reference in Chapter 98, Building Construction, of the Village Code, the National Electrical Safety Code, the Federal Communications Commission, and the instructions of the manufacturer. In cases of conflict, the stricter requirements shall govern.
(2)   Cell phone transmission towers shall adhere to the requirements included in § 245-17.2.
(3)   Communication towers are not allowed in the right-of-way without a conditional use permit and a permit issued pursuant to § 191-3.

Community living arrangement, 1-8 residents

Community living arrangement land uses include all facilities provided for in Wis. Stats. § 46.03(22), including child welfare agencies, group homes for children, foster homes, treatment foster homes, adult family homes, and community-based residential facilities. Community living arrangements do not include group day-care centers (see § 245-113M), nursing homes (and institutional residential land use), hospitals, prisons, or jails (all indoor institutional land uses). Community living arrangement facilities are regulated depending upon their capacity as provided for in Wis. Stats. § 62.23(7)(i), provided that any such regulations do not violate federal or state housing or antidiscrimination laws.

Development Requirements:
(1)   No community living arrangement shall be established within 2,500 feet of any other such facility regardless of its capacity unless the Plan Commission and Village Board agree to a reduction in spacing.
(2)   The applicant shall demonstrate that the total capacity of all community living arrangements (of all capacities) in the Village shall not exceed 1% of the Village's population (unless specifically authorized by the Village Board following a public hearing by the Plan Commission).
(3)   Foster homes housing four or fewer children and licensed under Wis. Stats. § 48.62 shall not be subject to Subsection I(1) above and shall not be subject to, or count toward, the total arrived at in Subsection I(2) above.

Community living arrangement, 9-15 residents

Community living arrangement land uses include all facilities provided for in Wis. Stats. § 46.03(22), including child welfare agencies, group homes for children, foster homes, treatment foster homes, adult family homes, and community-based residential facilities. Community living arrangements do not include group day-care centers (see § 245-113M), nursing homes (and institutional residential land use), hospitals, prisons, or jails (all indoor institutional land uses). Community living arrangement facilities are regulated depending upon their capacity as provided for in Wis. Stats. § 62.23(7)(i), provided that any such regulations do not violate federal or state housing or antidiscrimination laws.

Development Requirements:
Community living arrangements housing nine to 15 residents shall adhere to the following listed regulations, subject to federal or state housing or antidiscrimination laws:
(1) No community living arrangement shall be established within 2,500 feet of any other such facility, regardless of capacity, unless the Plan Commission and Village Board agree to a reduction in spacing.
(2) The applicant shall demonstrate that the total capacity of all community living arrangements (of all capacities) in the Village shall not exceed 1% of the Village's population (unless specifically authorized by the Village Board following a public hearing by the Plan Commission).

Community living arrangement, more than 15 residents

Community living arrangement land uses include all facilities provided for in Wis. Stats. § 46.03(22), including child welfare agencies, group homes for children, foster homes, treatment foster homes, adult family homes, and community-based residential facilities. Community living arrangements do not include group day-care centers (see § 245-113M), nursing homes (and institutional residential land use), hospitals, prisons, or jails (all indoor institutional land uses). Community living arrangement facilities are regulated depending upon their capacity as provided for in Wis. Stats. § 62.23(7)(i), provided that any such regulations do not violate federal or state housing or antidiscrimination laws.

Development Requirements:
(1) No community living arrangement shall be established within 2,500 feet of any other such facility, regardless of capacity, unless the Plan Commission and Village Board agree to a reduction in spacing.
(2) The total capacity of all community living arrangements (of all capacities) in the Village shall not exceed 1% of the Village's population (unless specifically authorized by the Village Board following a public hearing by the Plan Commission).

Company cafeteria

A company cafeteria is a food service operation that provides food only to company employees and their guests.

Company on-site recreation

This land use includes any active or passive recreational facility located on the same site as a principal land use and which is reserved solely for the use of company employees and their guests.

Development Requirements:
(1) All structures and actively used outdoor areas shall be located a minimum of 50 feet from any residentially zoned property.
(2) Outdoor recreation facilities using night lighting and adjoining a residentially zoned property shall install and continually maintain a bufferyard with a minimum opacity of 0.60 (see Article XI). Said bufferyard shall be located at the property line adjacent to said residentially zoned property.
(3) Facilities using night lighting shall require a conditional use permit.

Construction trailers as temporary offices

A licensed contractor engaged in a construction project for which a building permit has been issued or is otherwise authorized by the Village shall obtain a temporary use permit from the Zoning Administrator, who will specify the terms of the occupancy.

Contractor yard

Contractor yards are used by general contractors, excavation contractors, landscaping contractors, building contractors, oil or well drilling contractors, or similar business for the storage of vehicles, equipment, and materials used in the day-to-day operation of the business. This use may include a building that may be used for administrative offices, indoor storage, and the care and maintenance of equipment and vehicles in the fleet.

Development Requirements:
(1)   Type of outdoor storage. Outside storage of construction equipment and fleet vehicles is allowed. Construction materials may be kept out of doors provided such materials are being staged for a specific work project. The storage of construction debris, tree branches, wood chips, and the like is strictly prohibited.
(2)   Equipment repair and maintenance. The repair and maintenance of construction equipment and vehicles must occur within an enclosed building, unless specifically permitted in the conditional use order authorizing the use.
(3)   Sales. The on-premises sale, at retail or wholesale, of any materials is strictly prohibited.
(4)   Incidental uses. Fabrication and assembly of component parts for use in a building project is permitted inside of a building on the subject property, provided such activity is of an incidental nature.
(5)   Location of use areas. Outdoor storage areas and other activity areas related to this use may not be located:

(a)   In the front-yard building setback area;
(b)   Within 30 feet of a side or rear lot line when the adjoining property is located in a residential zoning district or a planned development district that allows residential uses;
(c)   Within 20 feet of a side or rear lot line when the adjoining property is located in a business zoning district; and
(d)   Ten feet from a side or rear lot line when the adjoining property is located in any other zoning district. Employee parking areas may be located in those areas otherwise allowed in this chapter.

(6)   Fencing. Depending on the scale and nature of the contractor yard, the Plan Commission may on a case-by-case basis require a solid fence, as approved by the Plan Commission, in those areas where screening is needed in the judgment of the Plan Commission to mitigate potential impacts to adjoining properties.
(7)   Control of fugitive dust. As part of the site plan and operation plan review process, the control of fugitive dust (e.g., dust from a gravel yard) generated by this use, if any, shall be addressed to the satisfaction of the Plan Commission.
(8)   Hazardous materials and bulk fuel. As part of the site plan and operation plan review process, the storage of hazardous materials and bulk fuel, if any, shall be addressed to the satisfaction of the Plan Commission.

Distribution center

facilities oriented to the short-term indoor storage and possible repackaging and reshipment of materials involving the activities and products of a single user. Retail outlets associated with this use shall be considered accessory uses per § 245-117K below.

Exterior communications device

Any structures used for communication reception, such as satellite dishes and antennas.

Development Requirements:
Exterior communications devices over one meter in diameter shall adhere to the following listed regulations:
(1) Installation standards. Signal-receiving antennas installed in any zoning district within the Village shall comply with the following provisions:

(a)   Any freestanding signal receiving antenna and its mounting post shall be located a minimum of 15 feet from any property line.
(b)    Subject to the provisions herein, freestanding signal-receiving antennas shall only be located in the rear yard of any lot. If reasonable reception of signals is not possible with a rear yard placement due to the physical characteristics of the lot and area, the signal-receiving antenna shall be placed in the side yard of the lot. In the event that reasonable reception of signals is not possible by locating the signal-receiving antenna on the rear or side yard of the property, such antenna may be placed in the front yard or on the roof of structures on the property. For corner lots, a side yard is only a yard that does not face a street.
(c)   If side yard, front yard, or roof mounting is requested, the Zoning Administrator shall determine where reasonable reception is possible, based on evidence provided by the person seeking to erect or construct the antenna.

(2)   Mounting. Signal receiving antennas attached to the wall or roof of any principal or accessory structure shall be permitted only if the structure is properly constructed to carry all imposed loading and complies with applicable state and local building code requirements. The Zoning Administrator may require engineering calculations.
(3)   Diameter. The diameter of signal receiving antenna shall not exceed 10 feet, and six feet for a roof-mounted antenna, except for systems used to provide community antenna television services.
(4)   Height.

(a)   A ground-mounted signal receiving antenna, including any platform or structure upon which said antenna is mounted or affixed, may not exceed 10 feet in height, as measured from the ground to the highest point of the antenna.
(b)   A roof-mounted antenna may not exceed eight feet in height above the surrounding roofline as measured from the highest point of the existing roofline.
(c)   An antenna that is designed to receive only local television broadcast signals is not subject to the height limitations in this section.

(5) Exterior communication devices shall be erected and installed in accordance with the State Electrical Code adopted by reference in Chapter 98, Building, Plumbing, Electrical and Mechanical Code, of the Village Code, the National Electrical Safety Code, the Federal Communications Commission and the instructions of the manufacturer. In cases of conflict, the stricter requirements shall govern.

Family day care home, 4-8 kids

Family day-care homes are occupied residences in which a qualified person or persons provide child care for four children to eight children. The care of fewer than four children is not subject to the regulations of this chapter. State law reference: Wis. Stats. § 66.1017(1)(a).

Farmers market and food trucks

Farmers' markets and food trucks include the temporary or occasional outdoor retail sales of farm produce, plants and flowers, bakery goods, foods, and/or crafts from vehicles or temporary stands located within a parking lot. When located on public land, farmers markets and food, trucks are subject to Chapter 188, Special Events, of this Municipal Code.

Fireworks stand

Freight terminal

Land and buildings representing either end of one or more truck carrier line(s) which may have some or all of the following facilities: yards, docks, management offices, storage sheds, buildings and/or outdoor storage areas, freight stations, and truck maintenance and repair facilities, principally serving several or many businesses requiring transshipment.

Group day-care center

Group day-care centers are land uses in which qualified persons provide child care services for nine or more children. Examples of such land uses include day-care centers and nursery schools. Such land uses may be operated on a for-profit or a not-for-profit basis. Such land uses may be operated in conjunction with another principal land use on the same environs, such as a church, school, business, or civic organization. In such instances, group day-care centers are not considered as accessory uses and therefore require review as a separate land use.

Ham radio tower and antenna (45 to 75 feet)

This land use includes any structures, appurtenances, and components used for ham radio purposes that are located outside of a permitted principal or accessory structure. These regulations are enacted to protect the aesthetics of the Village and the public health and safety, and represent the minimum necessary regulation to fulfill the purpose and intent of this chapter as set forth in §§ 245-2 and 245-3.

Development Requirements:
(a)   Such ham radio devices shall require a building permit and on-site inspection (and related fees) for all installations for placement, height, structural integrity and electrical connections.
(b)   No portion of such ham radio device is permitted between the principal structure and a public street.
(c)   Device shall be subject to the site plan review process per § 245-56.6. As part of this process, the agenda for the Plan Commission's consideration of the site plan shall be mailed to the owners of properties adjacent (including properties adjacent at lot corners) to the subject property. The purpose of this notice is to provide the owners of adjacent properties an opportunity to learn about the federal limitations on the Village's regulation of ham radio devices and the details of the proposed installation and to provide comments about the proposed site plan. A formal public hearing is not required.
(d)   All portions of such ham radio device exceeding the maximum height for an accessory structure shall provide minimum side and rear yard setbacks equivalent to the requirements for accessory structures for the subject property's zoning district, plus one additional foot of setback for every three feet of additional maximum height over 45 feet.

Ham radio tower and antenna (less than 45 feet)

This land use includes any structures, appurtenances, and components used for ham radio purposes that are located outside of a permitted principal or accessory structure. These regulations are enacted to protect the aesthetics of the Village and the public health and safety, and represent the minimum necessary regulation to fulfill the purpose and intent of this chapter as set forth in §§ 245-2 and 245-3.

Ham radio tower and antenna (more than 75 feet)

This land use includes any structures, appurtenances, and components used for ham radio purposes that are located outside of a permitted principal or accessory structure. These regulations are enacted to protect the aesthetics of the Village and the public health and safety, and represent the minimum necessary regulation to fulfill the purpose and intent of this chapter as set forth in §§ 245-2 and 245-3.

Development Requirements:
(a) Such ham radio devices shall require a building permit and on-site inspection (and related fees) for all installations for placement, height, structural integrity, and electrical connections.
(b) Such ham radio devices shall be subject to the conditional use process per § 245-16. The applicant shall demonstrate the necessity to seek a waiver from any and all requirements of either Subsection N(1) or (2), to the satisfaction of the Plan Commission. As consistent with any proposed conditional use, the Plan Commission may approve the proposal, may add conditions of approval, or may deny the application.

Heavy industrial

Land uses that may be wholly or partially located outside of an enclosed building, may have the potential to create certain nuisances that are detectable at the property line, and may involve materials that pose a significant safety hazard. Examples of heavy industrial land uses include meat product producers, including distillation of bones and fat rendering; paper, pulp or paperboard producers; chemical and allied product producers (except drug producers), including acid, ammonia, bleach, chorine, soap, poison, or fertilizer producers; petroleum and coal product producers; gelatin, glue or size manufacture, asphalt, concrete or cement producers; tanneries; stone, clay, or glass product producers; primary metal producers; heavy machinery producers; electrical distribution equipment producers; electrical industrial apparatus producers; transportation vehicle producers; commercial sanitary sewage treatment plants; railroad switching yards; recycling facilities not involving the on-site storage of salvage materials; ammunition manufacture; explosives or fireworks manufacture or storage; inflammable gases or liquids; the refining, storage or distribution or manufacture of overground tank farms; and large-scale alcohol beverage producers exceeding the production limits in Wis. Stats. Ch. 125.

Development Requirements:
(1) Facility shall be surrounded by a bufferyard with a minimum opacity of 1.00 along all borders of the property other than permanent open space abutting properties that are not zoned industrial (see Article XI).
(2) All outdoor activity areas shall be located a minimum of 100 feet from residentially zoned property.
(3) No equipment or materials shall be stacked or otherwise stored so as to be visible over bufferyard screening elements.
(4) Vibration standards. In no instance shall a heavy industrial land use exceed the following vibration performance standards, which regulate the creation of vibration that adversely affects adjoining properties in order to prevent the creation of nuisances and to promote the health, safety, and general welfare of the public.

(a) Applicability. The requirements of this section apply to all uses and activities which create detectable vibrations, except that these standards shall not apply to vibrations created during the construction of the principal use on the subject property.
(b) Review and approval. Through the site plan review process, the Plan Commission shall review and approve all development on the subject property.
(c) Depiction on required site plan. Any activity or equipment that creates detectable vibrations outside the confines of a building shall be depicted as to its location on the site plan required for the development of the subject property.
(d) Requirements. No activity or operation shall cause or create earthborn vibrations in excess of the displacement values set forth in Subsection B(4)(f).
(e) Method of measurement. Measurements shall be made at or beyond the adjacent lot line or the nearest residential district boundary line. Vibration displacements shall be measured with an instrument capable of simultaneously measuring in three mutually perpendicular directions. The maximum permitted displacements shall be determined in each zoning district by the following formula: D = K/f, where D = displacement in inches; K = a constant to be determined by reference to subsection (f), below; and f = the frequency of vibration transmitted through the ground (cycles per second).
(f) Vibration measurement constant. The following constant shall not be exceeded:

		K	K
		All other districts	In the Industrial District
On or beyond any adjacent lot line:
	Continuous	0.003	0.015
	Impulsive	0.006	0.030
	<8 pulses/24-hour period	0.015	0.075
On or beyond any residential district lot line:
	Continuous	0.003	0.003
	Impulsive	0.006	0.006
	<8 pulses/24-hour period	0.015	0.015

(5) Noise standards. In no instance shall a heavy industrial land use exceed the following noise performance standards when measured at or within the property boundary of the receiving land use.

(a) Method of measuring noise:

[1] Equipment. Noise measurement shall be made with a sound meter meeting the requirements of American National Standards Institute (ANSI) Standard S1.4-1983 or any nationally or Wisconsin-adopted standard superseding the above standard. Sound level meters shall be capable of both fast and slow meter response.

[2] Location and interpretation. The following steps must be followed when preparing to take sound level measurements:

[a] The instrument manufacturer's specific instructions for preparation and use of the instrument shall be followed.

[b] The sound level meter shall be calibrated periodically, under the manufacturer's instructions.

[c] When outdoor measurements are taken, a windscreen shall be placed over the microphone of the sound level meter under the manufacturer's instructions.
[d] The sound level meter shall be placed at the nearest lot line of the premises from which noise complaint(s) are received, at an angle to the sound source, as specified by the manufacturer's
instructions, and placed at least four feet above the ground. The meter must be placed so as not to be interfered with during the taking of sound measurements.
[e] Measurements must be taken at any point within a receiving zone which point is outside of the property line of the source of the stationary sound.
[f] Impulse sound, i.e., sounds of short duration, usually less than one second, must be measured with the sound level meter set for fast meter response. All other sound shall be measured with the sound level meter set for slow meter response.
[g] Under this section, sounds capable of being accurately measured are those sounds that cause no more than (+ or -) two decibels fluctuation of the sound level meter or, in the case of impulse sound, the mean average of four peak readings measured over the period of an hour.

(b) Maximum permissible sound levels.

[1] General limitations. In the following zoning districts the A-weighted sound level emitted from any source of stationary sound shall not exceed the following limits at any point within a receiving zone which point is outside of the property line of the source of the stationary sound for a period of greater than 30 seconds:

Receiving Zone	Maximum dBA
Residential or Institutional	65
Business and Commercial	75
Business and Industrial	75

[2] Additional restrictions on impulse sound. A reduction of five dBA shall apply to each of the limitations set forth under Subsection B(5)(b)[1] of this subsection for all impulse sounds.

[3] Special exception for ambient sound. When the ambient sound at the source of a stationary sound equals or exceeds the decibel limits provided in this section, the owner or operator of the property that is the source of such stationary sound may seek a special exception from the sound limitations of this section. Application for a special exception from the sound limitation shall be made to the Zoning Administrator. The Plan Commission shall hear and act upon all applications for a special exception under this subsection. The Commission may grant the appeal where it finds that the ambient sound equals or exceeds the decibel limits for a property in a receiving zone and that the combination of the ambient sound and the sound from the stationary sound producing source does not exceed the limit for the receiving affected property by more than 10 dBA.
[4] Nonconforming source. Any source of stationary sound that does not conform to the requirements of this section, which existed lawfully when this section was adopted and which remains nonconforming, or which shall became nonconforming upon the adoption of this section, or of any subsequent amendments thereto, may continue, as provided in this subsection.

[a] Any such nonconforming source of stationary sound shall not be modified, altered, added to, or enlarged in any manner unless such modifications, alterations, additions, or enlargements thereto are made to conform with all of the sound or noise control regulations applicable to the source.

[b] Any such nonconforming source of stationary sound that is discontinued for one year shall not be used unless the use is made to conform with all of the sound or noise control regulations applicable to the source.
[c] Any such nonconforming source of stationary sound shall not be repaired or restored to the extent that the cost of repair or restoration exceeds 50% of the full market value of the source. In the event that damage or destruction requires repairs or restoration that is less that 50% of such market value, repairs or restoration may be made if work is commenced within one year from the date of the partial destruction and is diligently prosecuted to completion.

[5] Effect of zoning change of affected property. When the zoning classification of a receiving property is changed in a manner which would result in a thenexisting sound source being in noncompliance with this section, the sound source shall be considered a nonconforming and shall be subject to the provisions of Subsection H of this section.

(6) Air pollution standards. In no instance shall a heavy industrial land use exceed the following air pollution standards, which regulate the creation of air pollution that adversely affects adjoining properties in order to prevent the creation of nuisances and to promote the health, safety, and general welfare of the public.

(a) Applicability. The requirements of this section apply to all land uses and activities, except that these standards shall not apply to air pollution created during the construction of the principal use on the subject property or by incidental traffic, parking, loading, or maintenance operations.

(b) Standards. In addition to all applicable state and federal standards, the following shall apply:

[1] The emission of particulate matter containing a particle diameter larger than 44 microns is prohibited.
[2] Emission of smoke or particulate matter of a density equal to or greater than Number 2 on the Ringelmann Chart (U.S. Bureau of Mines) is prohibited at all times.
[3] Dust and other types of air pollution borne by the wind from such sources as storage areas, yards, and roads within the boundaries of any lot shall be kept to a minimum by appropriate landscaping, paving, oiling, or other acceptable means.
[4] All applicable state and federal standards.

(7) Odor standards. In no instance shall a heavy industrial land use exceed the following odor standards which regulate the creation of odor that adversely affects adjoining properties in order to prevent the creation of nuisances and to promote the health, safety, and general welfare of the public.

(a) Applicability. The requirements of this section apply to all land uses and activities, except that these standards shall not apply to odors created during the construction of the principal use on the subject property or by incidental fertilizer application, traffic, parking, loading, or maintenance operations.

(b) Standards. Except for food preparation and cooking odors emanating from residential land uses and odors associated with property development and maintenance (such as construction, lawn care, and the painting and roofing of structures), no odors shall be created for periods exceeding a total of 15 minutes per any day which are detectable (by a healthy observer such as the Zoning
Administrator or a designee who is unaffected by background odors such as tobacco or food) at the boundary of the subject property, where said lot abuts property within any residential, institutional or business and commercial zoning district.

(8) Glare and heat standards. In no instance shall a heavy industrial land use exceed the following glare and heat standards which regulate the creation of glare or heat in order to prevent the creation of nuisances and to promote the health, safety, and welfare of the public.

(a) Applicability. The requirements of this section apply to all land uses and activities, except that these standard shall not apply to glare created during the construction of the principal use on the subject property or by incidental traffic, parking, loading, or maintenance operations.

(b) Standards. No direct or sky-reflected glare shall be visible at the lot line of the subject property, whether from floodlights or from temperature processes, such as combustion, welding, or otherwise. As determined by the Zoning Administrator, there shall be no discernible transmission of heat or heated air at the lot line. Solar systems regulated by Wis. Stats. § 66.0401 shall be entitled to the protection of its provisions.

(9) Fire and explosions. In no instance shall a heavy industrial land use exceed the following fire and explosion standards which regulate the creation of fire and/or explosion hazards that adversely affect adjoining properties in order to prevent the creation of nuisances and to promote the health, safety, and general welfare of the public.

(a) Applicability. The requirements of this section apply to all land uses and activities.
(b) Standards. Any use involving materials which could decompose by detonation shall be located not less than 400 feet from any residential, institutional or business and commercial zoning district, except that this standard shall not apply to the storage or usage of liquefied petroleum or natural gas for normal residential or business and commercial purposes. All activities and storage of flammable and explosive materials at any point shall be provided with adequate safety and firefighting devices in accordance with all fire prevention codes of the State of Wisconsin.
(c) Outdoor furnaces are not allowed in the Village. See §§ 100-5 and 100-7 of this Municipal Code.

(10) Toxic, noxious and waste materials. In no instance shall a heavy industrial land use violate the toxic, noxious and waste material regulations which regulate the handling of toxic, noxious, or waste material which adversely affects adjoining properties in order to prevent the creation of nuisances and to promote the health, safety, and general welfare of the public.

(a) Applicability. The requirements of this section apply to all land uses and activities.
(b) Standards. No use shall discharge across the boundaries of the subject property, or through percolation into the subsoil, toxic or noxious material in such concentration as to be detrimental to or endanger the public health, safety, comfort, or welfare or cause injury or damage to private property or business. No use shall discharge at any point into any public or private sewage disposal system or stream or river, or into the ground, any liquid or solid materials except in accordance with the regulations of the Wisconsin Department of Health Services.

Home occupation

Home occupations are economic activities performed within a dwelling and are allowed in every residence district. Examples include personal and professional services and handicrafts. Home occupations are intended to provide a means to accommodate a small home-based family or professional business without the necessity of a rezoning from a residential to a business district. Home occupations are limited to service-oriented businesses and businesses that do not generate substantial customer visits.

Development Requirements:
(1)   The home occupation shall be conducted only within the enclosed area of the dwelling unit or attached garage.
(2)   The home occupation must be clearly incidental to the use of the dwelling unit as a residence, with 25% or less of the habitable floor area of an individual dwelling unit (excluding an attached garage) being used for the home occupation.
(3)   Activity related to a home occupation may be conducted in a detached, roofed, and completely enclosed structure (including a detached garage) or attached garage on the same property, provided that no more than 25% of the total floor area of the detached structure or attached garage is used for the home occupation, there are no employees of the home occupation, and no member of the public enters the detached structure or attached garage for business purposes.
(4)   There shall be no exterior alterations that change the character of the structure.
(5) There shall be no exterior evidence of the home occupation, other than those signs permitted per Article VI.
(6)   No storage or display of materials, goods, supplies, or equipment related to the operation of the home occupation shall be visible outside any structure located on the premises.
(7)   Outdoor sales of goods produced by the home occupation are allowed only pursuant to Chapter 182, Article II, Rummage Sales, of this Municipal Code. Occasional outdoor lemonade stands or similar sales by a child or children under the age of 17 are not considered home occupation and are not prohibited under this section.
(8)   No use shall create smoke, odor, glare, noise, dust, fumes, vibration, or hazard detectible to the normal senses off of the property. No equipment or process shall be used that creates visual or audible electrical interference in any radio, telephone, computer, television signal or other device off the premises, or causes fluctuations in line voltage, or creates any other nuisance not normally associated with the average residential use in the district.
(9)   No toxic, explosive, flammable, combustible, corrosive, radioactive or other restricted materials shall be used or stored on the site for home occupation purposes. This does not preclude a home occupation for a gunsmith for the service or repair of firearms or for a firearm collector, licensed by the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, and Firearms.
(10)   A home occupation shall not endanger the public health and safety and shall not interfere with other parcels in the neighborhood. Except for computer hardware, no mechanical or electrical equipment shall be installed or maintained other than such as customarily incidental to domestic use.
(11) The home occupation shall require no additional parking above that normally associated with a dwelling unit. Commercial vehicles shall not operate out of a residential district as part of a home occupation; provided, however, that, pursuant to § 245-15A, one commercial vehicle that meets the weight limits and other requirements in § 245-15A(2) that is used for transportation to and from an off-site worksite of the occupant may be parked on a residential property. No other vehicular equipment of a commercial or industrial nature related to the home occupation, except as stated above, shall be parked or stored outdoors, whether on the property or on the street, for more than two consecutive hours and four accumulated hours during any twenty-four-hour period in a residential district.
(12)   The following uses are prohibited as home occupations:

(a) Adult establishments;
(b) Animal clinics, kennels and/or pet boarding, provided that occasional boarding of pets is allowed if the limit of the number of dogs and/or cats allowed in a residence is not exceeded at any time (see § 87-18 of this Municipal Code);
(c) Antique shops;
(d) Barber shops, beauty shops and/or hair or nail salons;
(e) Clinics and/or doctors' offices;
(f) Dress shops and/or millinery shops;
(g) Engine repair shops;
(h) Food shops or stores;
(i) Furniture stripping and/or refinishing;
(j) Hospitals;
(k) Gift shops;
(l) Mortuaries;
(m) On-site tune-up, servicing, repair, salvage, wrecking, or painting services for nonresident automobiles, trucks, boats, trailers, snowmobiles, recreational vehicles or other motorized vehicles;
(n) Private clubs;
(o) Real estate offices;
(p) Restaurants, ice cream shops, tearooms, or any other food or beverage service, provided that caterers are allowed if there is no on-site consumption of food or beverages by customers or members of the public;
(q) Tattoo and/or body piercing establishments;
(r) Tobacco and/or e-cigarette or vaporizer shops;
(s) Tourist rooming houses, except short-term rentals of dwellings are allowed without limitation as to the percentage of the property being rented [see § 245-113I(2)];
(t) Any other occupation not meeting the limits defined herein.

Incidental indoor sales

Incidental indoor sales include any retail sales activity conducted exclusively indoors which is incidental to a principal land use such as warehousing, wholesaling, or any light industrial land use on the same site.

Development Requirements:
(1) The total area devoted to sales activity shall not exceed 25% of the total area of the buildings on the property. Areas devoted to artisan studio uses such as custom ceramics, glass, wood, paper, fabric, and similar crafts may exceed 5,000 square feet with the granting of a conditional use permit for such use.
(2) Shall provide restroom facilities directly accessible from retail sales area.
(3) The retail sales area shall by physically separated by a wall from all other activity areas.
(4) Minimum required parking. Adequate parking, per the requirements of § 245-15, shall be provided for customers. Said parking shall be in addition to that required for the principal land use.

Incidental light industrial

Incidental light industrial. These land uses include any light industrial activity conducted exclusively indoors that is incidental to a principal land use, such as indoor sales or service, on the same site.

Development Requirements:
(1) The total area devoted to light industrial activity shall not exceed 15% of the total area of the buildings on the property, or 5,000 square feet, whichever is less.
(2) The production area shall be physically separated by a wall from other activity areas and shall be soundproofed to the level required by § 245-114B(5) for all adjacent properties.
(3) Minimum required parking: per § 245-15.

Incidental outdoor display

Incidental outdoor display includes the sale and display of merchandise or equipment outside of an enclosed building and is incidental to a principal commercial or industrial land use. Incidental outdoor display land uses shall comply with all regulations of § 245-113E, and the display area shall not exceed 25% of the gross floor area of the principal building on the site. A business may expand upon the 25% gross floor area limitation up to 10 times per year by temporary use permit.

Indoor commercial entertainment

Indoor commercial entertainment. Indoor commercial entertainment land uses include all land uses that provide entertainment services entirely within an enclosed building. Such activities often have operating hours that extend significantly later than most other commercial land uses. Examples of such land uses include restaurants, taverns, theaters, bowling alleys, arcades, roller rinks, pool halls, and fitness studios and instructional studios (e.g., dance, art, and martial arts) where the occupancy load is more than 25 people.

Indoor food production

Any business whose principal activity is the production and wholesaling of plants or plant by-products (including fruits and vegetables) that are grown on site within an enclosed building or structure constructed chiefly of glass or glass-like material, cloth, or other transparent material. Such uses also often involve the seasonal display of plants and related products outdoors. Indoor food production also includes the farming of aquatic organisms (plants and animals) under controlled conditions and which is located entirely within an enclosed building and utilizes recirculating (closed) system technology. Such operations may also incorporate aquaponics, which is the symbiotic cultivation of plants and aquatic organisms in a recirculating system.

Development Requirements:
(1) All outdoor storage areas shall be completely enclosed by any permitted combination of buildings, structures, walls, and/or fencing. Such walls and fencing shall be a minimum of eight feet in height and shall be designed to completely screen all stored materials or products from view of nonindustrialized areas at an elevation of five feet above the grade of all adjacent properties and rights-of-way. Said walls or fencing shall be screened from residentially zoned property by a bufferyard with a minimum opacity of 0.80 (see Article XI).
(2) Storage and/or outdoor display areas shall be separated from any vehicular parking or circulation area by a minimum of 10 feet. This separation shall be clearly distinguished by a physical feature or barrier such as a greenway, curb, fence, or line of planters or by a clearly marked paved area.
(3) All outdoor storage areas shall be located no closer to a residentially zoned property than the required minimum setback for buildings on the subject property.
(4) The storage of items shall not be permitted in any landscaping areas, bufferyard areas, or permanently protected green space areas.
(5) In no event shall the storage of items reduce or inhibit the use or number of parking stalls provided on the property below the requirement established by the provisions of s. 245-15. If the number of provided parking stalls on the property is already less than the requirement, such storage area shall not further reduce the number of parking stalls already present.
(6) Materials being stored shall not interfere in any manner with either on-site or off-site traffic visibility, including potential vehicle/vehicle and vehicle/pedestrian conflicts.
(7) Indoor aquaculture operations shall be connected to the municipal water and sanitary sewer system, and all wastewater shall be discharged to the municipal sanitary sewer system.
(8) Prior to the issuance of a conditional use permit, applicants wishing to establish indoor aquaculture operations shall prepare a report outlining the estimated average daily water usage and quantity of wastewater discharge. Such report shall be reviewed and approved by the Public Works Director and the Western Racine County Sewerage District.
(9) On-site processing of seafood is permitted, provided that the activity is conducted entirely within an enclosed building and no odors are detectable from the property line.
(10) The on-site retail sale of seafood or vegetables shall be considered indoor sales for light industrial subject to the provisions of s. 245-115, provided that the area devoted to sales does not exceed 25% of the total area of the building(s) within which the operation is located. Retail areas that exceed 25% of the total area of the building(s) within which the operation is located shall be considered an indoor sales and service principal land use.
(11) Site plans shall be provided which indicate the location of all outdoor activity areas.
(12) On-site composting shall be permitted, subject to the following regulations:

(a) Compost areas shall be fully screened on all four sides.
(b) Composting shall comply with all county, state, and federal rules, regulations, and permitting requirements.

(13) No outdoor activity areas shall be located in bufferyard areas. No materials shall be stacked or otherwise stored so as to be visible over bufferyard screening elements.

Indoor institutional

Indoor institutional land uses include all indoor public and not-for-profit recreational facilities (such as gyms, swimming pools, libraries, museums, and community centers), schools, churches, funeral homes, nonprofit clubs, nonprofit fraternal organizations, convention centers, jails, prisons, and similar land uses.

Indoor maintenance service

Indoor maintenance services include all land uses that perform maintenance services, including repair, and contain all operations (except loading) entirely within an enclosed building. Because of outdoor vehicle storage requirements, vehicle repair and maintenance is considered an outdoor maintenance service land use (see Subsection P).

Indoor municipal campus

Indoor municipal land uses include indoor municipal buildings and recreational facilities (such as municipal buildings, libraries, and community centers).

Indoor sales or service

Retail sales and similar land uses that conduct sales or display merchandise or equipment and provide nonpersonal or nonprofessional services entirely within an enclosed building. This includes pharmacies, dispensaries, tobacco and vape stores, and self-service facilities such as coin-operated laundromats.

Indoor storage and wholesaling

Indoor storage and wholesaling land uses are primarily oriented to the receiving, holding, and shipping of packaged materials for a single business or a single group of businesses. With the exception of loading and parking facilities, such land uses are contained entirely within an enclosed building. Examples of this land use include conventional warehouse facilities, long-term indoor storage facilities, and joint warehouse and storage facilities. Retail outlets associated with this use shall be considered accessory uses per § 245-117K (below).

Institutional residential, 1-12 residents

This land use is a form of residential development designed to accommodate institutional residential land uses with 12 or fewer residents (of all ages), such as senior housing, retirement homes, assisted living facilities, nursing homes, hospices, group homes, convents, monasteries, dormitories, nursing homes, convalescent homes, limited care facilities, rehabilitation centers, and similar land uses not considered to be community living arrangements (see separate listings) under the provisions of Wis. Stats. § 62.23.

Development Requirements:
(1)   No individual lots are required, although the development shall contain a minimum of 800 square feet of gross site area for each occupant of the development.
(2)   Project shall provide an off-street passenger loading area at a minimum of one location within the development.
(3)   A minimum of 30% of the development's gross site area shall be held as permanently protected green space.

Institutional residential, 13 or more residents

This land use is a form of residential development designed to accommodate institutional residential land uses with 13 or more residents (of all ages), such as senior housing, retirement homes, assisted living facilities, nursing homes, hospices, group homes, convents, monasteries, dormitories, nursing homes, convalescent homes, limited care facilities, rehabilitation centers, and similar land uses not considered to be community living arrangements (see separate listings) under the provisions of Wis. Stats. § 62.23.

Development Requirements:
(1)   No individual lots are required, although the development shall contain a minimum of 800 square feet of gross site area for each occupant of the development.
(2)   Project shall provide an off-street passenger loading area at a minimum of one location within the development.
(3)   A minimum of 30% of the development's gross site area shall be held as permanently protected green space.

Intensive outdoor public recreation

Intensive outdoor public recreation land uses include recreational land uses located on public property that generate regional traffic and noise beyond property lines and require intensive lighting. Such land uses include racetracks, stadiums, fairgrounds, ski hills, marinas, and similar land uses.

Development Requirements:
(1)   Facilities using night lighting and adjoining a residentially zoned property shall install and continually maintain a bufferyard with a minimum opacity of 1.00 (see Article XI). Said bufferyard shall be located at the property line adjacent to the residentially zoned property.
(2)   Facilities that serve a regional or community-wide function shall provide an off-street passenger loading area if the majority of the users will be children.
(3)   A minimum setback of 100 feet shall be required to any activity area other than parking.

Intermediate day care home, 9-15 kids

Intermediate day-care homes are occupied residences in which a qualified person or persons provide child care for nine children to 15 children. State law reference: Wis. Stats. § 48.65.

In-vehicle sales or service

In-vehicle sales and service land uses include all land uses which perform sales and/or services to persons in vehicles or to vehicles which may or may not be occupied at the time of such activity (except vehicle repair and maintenance services). Such land uses often have traffic volumes that exhibit their highest levels concurrent with peak traffic flows on adjacent roads. Examples of such land uses include drive-in, drive-up, and drive-through food or retail facilities, vehicular fuel stations, and all forms of car washes. If performed in conjunction with a principal land use (e.g., a convenience store, restaurant, or bank), in-vehicle sales and service land uses shall be considered an accessory use.

Development Requirements:
(1)   Clearly marked pedestrian crosswalks shall be provided for each walk-in customer access to the facility adjacent to the drive-through lane(s).
(2)   The drive-through facility shall be designed so as not to impede or impair vehicular and pedestrian traffic movement or exacerbate the potential for pedestrian/vehicular conflicts.
(3)   In no instance shall a drive-through facility be permitted to operate which endangers the public safety, even if such land use has been permitted under the provisions of this section.
(4)   The setback of any overhead canopy or similar structure shall be a minimum of 10 feet from all street right-of-way lines, a minimum of 20 feet from all residentially zoned property lines, and shall be a minimum of five feet from all other property lines. The total height of any overhead canopy or similar structure shall not exceed 20 feet per the measurement of roof height.
(5)   All vehicular areas of the facility shall provide a surface paved with concrete or bituminous material that is designed to meet the requirements of a minimum four-ton axle load.
(6)   The facility shall provide a bufferyard with a minimum opacity of 0.60 along all property borders abutting residentially zoned property (see Article XI).
(7)   Interior curbs shall be used to separate driving areas from exterior fixtures such as fuel pumps, vacuums, menu boards, canopy supports, and landscaped islands. Said curbs shall be a minimum of six inches high and shall be of a nonmountable design. No curb protecting an exterior fixture shall be located closer than 25 feet to all property lines.
(8)   Any text or logo larger on an overhead canopy or other accessory structure shall be subject to regulation under Article VI of this chapter (the Sign Code).
(9)   In-vehicle sales or services are not allowed in the Downtown District.

Lawn care

Lawn care includes any activity involving the preparation of the ground and/or installation and maintenance of vegetative ground cover (including gardens).

Light industrial

Industrial facilities at which all operations (with the exception of loading operations) are conducted entirely within an enclosed building; not potentially associated with nuisances such as odor, noise, heat, vibration, and radiation which are detectable at the property line; and do not pose a significant safety hazard (such as danger of explosion). Light industry includes the manufacture of articles through the process of transforming raw materials into a change of form for use, or the fabricating or assembling of finished or unfinished manufactured parts by hand or machine, or both. Light industrial land uses may conduct indoor sales as an accessory use, provided that the requirements of § 245-1157K are complied with. All activities, except loading and unloading, shall be conducted entirely within the confines of a building. If outdoor storage is required, the use shall be classified as heavy industrial.

Mixed-use dwelling (limited to 50% of the ground floor)

Mixed-use dwelling (up to 100% of the building)

Multiple-family

A multiple-family dwelling is a dwelling designed for and occupied by more than two families and having a roof, wall or floor in common with other dwelling units. This dwelling unit type may be located on its own lot or within a planned community development district.

Development Requirements:
(1) Covenants specifying respective obligations with regard to any common structures, such as the shared wall, roof, and other inseparable improvements, are required, unless the units remain in common ownership.
(2) Any development comprised of more than one building or containing six or more dwelling units shall provide additional site design features such as underground parking, architectural elements, landscaping, and/or on-site recreational facilities.
(3) When located in the Downton (B-3) district, an existing multiple family is 'grandfatherd.' (See the Table of Land Uses). This means no new multiple family units are allowed in the B-3 district.

Multipurpose business storage

Multipurpose business storage uses are primarily oriented to those businesses that require an office/reception/display area and a larger storage area for stock goods, materials, equipment, and supplies. With the exception of loading and parking facilities, such land uses are contained entirely within an enclosed building. Examples of potential businesses include plumbing or electrical contractor, product sales representative, and small-scale warehousing.

Development Requirements:
When located in the Business and Commercial Zoning District, the following additional standards apply:
(1)   The front portion of the building is specifically reserved for office, administrative, and/or display purposes and the back portion is used for storage of stock goods, materials, supplies, and equipment specifically related to the business occupying the space. These two areas are to be separated by a wall that may include one or more doorways for access. The overall design is intended to look like a traditional retail business space from the street on which it fronts.
(2)   Overhead doors may be located on the back of the building to provide access to the storage space. All overhead doors shall be located so they are not readily visible from a public street. Screening shall be provided to obscure the view of any overhead doors visible from an adjoining parcel zoned for a residential use.
(3)   This use may be located in a single building or in a multitenant building. When this use is located in a single building, the maximum floor area is 2,500 square feet. When this use is located in a multitenant building with two or three tenant spaces, the maximum floor area of this use is 2,500 square feet. When this use is located in a multitenant building with four or more tenant spaces, the maximum floor area of this use is 5,000 square feet.
(4)   Fleet vehicles must be parked behind the rear of the building in a separate parking area. Screening shall be provided to obscure the view of such parking area from an adjoining parcel zoned for a residential use.

Office

Office land uses include exclusively indoor land uses whose primary functions are the handling of information or administrative services. Office uses do not typically provide services directly to customers on a walk-in or on-appointment basis.

Off-site parking

Any areas used for the temporary parking of vehicles that are fully registered, licensed, and operable.

On-site parking

On-site parking lots are any areas located on the same site as the principal land use which are used for the temporary parking of vehicles which are fully registered, licensed, and operable. See § 245-15.

Outdoor commercial entertainment

Outdoor commercial entertainment land uses include all land uses that provide entertainment services partially or wholly outside of an enclosed building. Such activities often have the potential to be associated with nuisances related to noise, lighting, dust, trash, and late operating hours. Examples of such land uses include outdoor commercial swimming pools, driving ranges, miniature golf facilities, amusement parks, drive-in theaters, ski hills, marinas, and water parks.

Development Requirements:
(1)   Activity areas shall not be located closer than 300 feet to a residentially zoned property.
(2)   The facility shall provide bufferyard with minimum opacity of 0.80 along all borders of the property abutting residentially zoned property (see Article XI).
(3)   The site must be planned so that activity areas (including drive-in movie screens) shall not be visible from any residentially zoned property.
(4)   Outdoor commercial entertainment activities proposed in a public right-of-way or on Village-owned property must receive Village Board approval of a special event permit for such use, in addition to any required conditional use permit.

Outdoor display

Outdoor display land uses include land uses that conduct sales and display merchandise or equipment outside of an enclosed building. Examples include outdoor garden centers, outdoor recreation equipment sales, monument sales, and manufactured and mobile housing sales. Outdoor display uses do not include the storage or display of inoperable equipment or other materials typically associated with a junkyard or salvage yard. If a land use displays for sale or rent only a limited amount of product outside of an enclosed building, such use may instead be considered incidental indoor sales under § 245-117K.

Development Requirements:
(1)   The outdoor sales area shall be calculated as the area which would be enclosed by a required physical separation installed and continually maintained in the most efficient manner which completely encloses all materials displayed outdoors.
(2)   The display of items shall not be permitted in required setback areas, landscape areas, bufferyards, or permanently protected green space areas.
(3)   Inoperable vehicles or equipment, or other items typically stored or displayed in a junkyard or salvage yard, shall not be displayed for this land use.
(4)   In no event shall the display of items reduce or inhibit the use or number of parking stalls provided on the property below the requirement established in § 245-15. If the number of provided parking stalls on the property is already less than the requirement, such display area shall not further reduce the number of parking stalls already present.
(5)   Display areas shall be separated from any circulation area by a minimum of 10 feet. This separation shall be clearly delimited by a physical separation such as a greenway, curb, fence, or line of planters or by a clearly marked paved area, except in the Downtown District.
(6)   Signs, screening, enclosures, landscaping, or materials being displayed shall not interfere in any manner with either on-site or off-site traffic visibility, including potential vehicle/vehicle and vehicle/pedestrian conflicts.
(7)   The facility shall be surrounded by a bufferyard with a minimum opacity of 0.60 along all borders of the display area abutting residentially zoned property, except per Subsection E(5) above (see Article XI).
(8)   Outdoor display shall be permitted during the entire calendar year; however, if goods are removed from the display area all support fixtures used to display the goods shall be removed within 10 calendar days of the goods' removal.

Outdoor maintenance service

Outdoor maintenance services include all land uses that perform maintenance services, including repair, and have all or any portion of their operations located outside of an enclosed building.

Outdoor open space institutional

Outdoor open space institutional land uses include cemeteries, privately held permanently protected green space areas, open grassed areas not associated with any particular active recreational land use, and similar land uses.

Outdoor open space municipal campus

Outdoor open space municipal campus land uses include green space areas and open grassed areas not associated with any particular active recreational land use, and similar land uses.

Outdoor storage and wholesaling

Outdoor storage and wholesaling land uses are primarily oriented to the receiving, holding, and shipping of packaged materials for a single business or a single group of businesses. Such a land use, in which any activity beyond loading and parking is located outdoors, is considered an outdoor storage and wholesaling land use. Examples of this land use include contractors' storage yards, equipment yards, lumberyards, coal yards, landscaping materials yards, construction materials yards, and shipping materials yards. Such land uses do not include the storage of inoperable vehicles or equipment or other materials typically associated with a junkyard or salvage yard.

Development Requirements:
(1)   All outdoor storage areas shall be completely enclosed by any permitted combination of buildings, structures, walls, and fencing. Such walls and fencing shall be a minimum of eight feet in height and shall be designed to completely screen all stored materials from view from nonindustrialized areas at an elevation of five feet above the grade of all adjacent properties and rights-of-way. Said walls or fencing shall be screened from residentially zoned property by a bufferyard with a minimum opacity of 0.80 (see Article XI).
(2)   The storage of items shall not be permitted in required frontage landscaping areas, bufferyard areas, or permanently protected green space areas.
(3)   Storage areas shall be separated from any vehicular parking or circulation area by a minimum of 10 feet. This separation shall be clearly delimited by a physical separation such as a greenway, curb, fence, or line of planters or by a clearly marked paved area.
(4)   Materials being stored shall not interfere in any manner with either on-site or off-site traffic visibility, including potential vehicle/vehicle and vehicle/pedestrian conflicts.
(5)   Inoperable vehicles or equipment or other items typically stored in a junkyard or salvage yard shall not be stored under the provisions of this land use.

Passive outdoor public recreation

Passive outdoor public recreation land uses include all recreational land uses located on public property that involve passive recreational activities. Such land uses include arboretums, natural areas, wildlife areas, hiking trails, bike trails, cross-country ski trails, picnic areas, picnic shelters, botanical gardens, fishing areas, and similar land uses.

Passive outdoor public recreation

Passive outdoor public recreation land uses include all recreational land uses located on public property that involve passive recreational activities. Such land uses include arboretums, natural areas, wildlife areas, hiking trails, bike trails, cross-country ski trails, picnic areas, picnic shelters, botanical gardens, fishing areas, and similar land uses.

Personal or professional service (occupancy 25 or less)

Personal service and professional service land uses include all exclusively indoor land uses whose primary function is the provision of services directly to an individual on a walk-in or on-appointment basis. Examples of such uses include professional services, insurance or financial services, realty offices, hospitals, medical offices and clinics, veterinary clinics, barbershops, beauty shops, and fitness studios and instructional studios (e.g., dance, art, and martial arts) where the occupancy load is 25 people or fewer as determined under the Wisconsin Commercial Building Code (if the occupancy load is more than 25 people, see Subsection F, below).

Personal storage facility

Personal storage facility. Personal storage facilities, also known as "mini warehouses," are land uses oriented to the indoor storage of items entirely within partitioned buildings having an individual access to each partitioned storage area. Such storage areas may be available on either a condominium or a rental basis.

Preconstruction sales office

Preconstruction sales offices that are stand-alone (not located in a model home or model dwelling unit), used exclusively as sales offices by a builder/developer and to display the builder/developer's product or to display to prospective buyers the builder/developer's features (such as exterior siding treatments, roofing materials, interior trim, moldings, floor coverings, etc.), may be staffed by the builder/developer's sales force.

Development Requirements:
(1)   District dimensional requirements to be met. The preconstruction sales office shall meet all district requirements for lot and yard dimensions.
(2)   Sign illumination. Signs shall not be illuminated after 9:00 p.m.
(3)   Business activity not permitted before 8:00 a.m. or after 9:00 p.m. The preconstruction sales office shall not be used for any business activity before 8:00 a.m. or later than 9:00 p.m.
(4)   Screening and trash receptacles. Landscape drawings shall be required and shall show adequate landscaping and screening from adjoining residential lots or units, with the clear marking of the boundaries of the model home lot or unit. Trash receptacles for use by the public shall be provided around the model home.
(5)   Termination of use. The use of a preconstruction sales office within a residential subdivision or condominium development, or within any single phase of a multiphase subdivision or condominium development, is not subject to the thirty-day time limit but shall terminate when building permits have been issued for 90% of the lots therein; provided, however, that the Plan Commission may extend the permit upon application by the builder or developer. The preconstruction sales office shall be removed within 30 days of the termination of the permit.
(6)   Temporary concrete batch plants or asphalt or asphalt reprocessing plants (including materials processing and handling) and temporary stone crushers are not allowed in the Village.

Production greenhouse

Any business whose principal activity is the growing and wholesaling of plants or plant by-products (not including fruits and vegetables) that are either grown or stored within an enclosed building or structure constructed chiefly of glass or glass-like material, cloth, or other transparent material. Such uses also often involve the seasonal display of plants and related products outdoors.

Development Requirements:
(1) The outdoor display of items shall not be permitted in required setbacks, bufferyards, or landscaped areas.
(2) In no event shall the display of items reduce or inhibit the use or number of parking stalls provided on the property below the requirement established by the provisions of s. 245-15. If the number of provided parking stalls on the property is already less than the requirement, such display area shall not further reduce the number of parking stalls already present.
(3) Storage and/or outdoor display areas shall be separated from any vehicular parking or circulation area by a minimum of 10 feet. This separation shall be clearly distinguished by a physical feature or barrier such as a greenway, curb, fence, or line of planters or by a clearly marked paved area.
(4) Signs, screening, enclosures, landscaping, or materials being displayed shall not interfere in any manner with either on-site or off-site traffic visibility, including potential traffic/traffic and traffic/pedestrian conflicts.
(5) The facility shall be surrounded by a bufferyard with a minimum opacity of 0.60 along all borders of outdoor display areas abutting residentially zoned property (see Article XI).

Public services and utilities

Public service and utilities land uses include all Village, county, state, and federally owned facilities (except those otherwise treated in this section), emergency service facilities such as fire departments and rescue operations (including dormitories serving those facilities), wastewater treatment plants, public and/or private utility substations, water towers, utility and public service related distribution facilities, and similar land uses.

Development Requirements:
(1)   All structures shall be located a minimum of 20 feet from any residentially zoned property.
(2)   Outdoor storage areas shall be located a minimum of 50 feet from any residentially zoned property.
(3)   The exterior of all buildings shall be compatible with the exteriors of surrounding buildings.
(4)   All outdoor storage areas adjoining a residentially zoned property shall install and continually maintain a bufferyard with a minimum opacity of 0.60 (see Article XI). Said bufferyard shall be located at the property line adjacent to the residentially zoned property.

Residential garage or shed

Residential garages are structures primarily used to shelter parked passenger vehicles. A residential shed is a structure used primarily to store residential maintenance equipment of the subject property.

Development Requirements:
(1)   One or two attached or detached garages and up to two sheds shall be permitted by right, provided that there are no more than three accessory buildings on the lot.
(2)   Detached garages and sheds are permitted in the rear yard only. The roof pitch shall not exceed the steepest pitch of the principal structure.
(3) Sheds shall not exceed the sizes set forth in § 245-117A, above.
(4)   A garage in a residential district, whether or not the private garage is attached to the main building, shall not have a vehicle storage capacity of greater than three vehicles, nor be of a size greater than 1,000 square feet, unless approval has been granted by the Plan Commission pursuant to § 98-22, Architectural control, of this Municipal Code.
(5)   A conditional use permit is required for a combination of accessory structures exceeding a total of the maximum allowed square footage for all uses set forth in Subsection A, or more than three accessory structures.

Residential recreational facility

This land use includes all active outdoor recreational facilities located on a private residential lot that are not otherwise listed in the Table of Land Uses in 245-111. Common examples include swing sets, tree houses, basketball courts, tennis courts, swimming pools, and recreation-type equipment.

Development Requirements:
(1)   All private residential recreation facilities and their attendant structures shall comply with the general provisions in Article IV, and no such use may exceed 20 feet in height, except for flagpoles.
(2)   Materials and lighting at the property line are to be equal to or less than 0.5 footcandle.
(3)   Swimming pools shall be regulated by the standards provided in § 245-17.
(4)   Tree houses and similar platforms are allowed.
(5)   Children's play structures (swing sets, jungle gyms and tree houses) shall only be located in a rear yard, unless the Plan Commission approves an alternate location because placement in the rear yard is not practical due to the configuration of the lot.
(6)   Arbors, trellises, flagpoles, light poles and basketball hoops may be located in a front, side, or rear yard.

Salt storage shed

Salt storage sheds are structures for storing salt stockpiles typically associated with a municipal public works department or a snow-plowing business.

Development Requirements:
(1) Prior to the establishment of this use, the property owner shall obtain and maintain all necessary approvals from the Wisconsin Department of Transportation under Wis. Admin. Code ch. Trans 277, and any other state agency or the federal government.
(2) The site shall be planned so that the shed is located so that it is not readily visible from a public street. Additionally, screening shall be provided to obscure the view of the shed from any adjoining parcel zoned for business, commercial or residential use.

Salvage yard or junkyard

Any land or structure used for a salvaging operation, including but not limited to the aboveground, outdoor storage and/or sale of wastepaper, rags, scrap metal, and any other discarded materials intended for sale or recycling, and/or the collection, dismantlement, storage, or salvage of two or more unlicensed and/or inoperable vehicles. Recycling facilities involving on-site outdoor storage of salvage materials are included in this land use.

Vehicle Parking:
One space for every 20,000 square feet of gross storage area, plus one space for each employee on the largest work shift

Development Requirements:
(1)        Facility shall provide a bufferyard with a minimum opacity of 1.00 along all property borders abutting residentially and business zoned property (see Article XI).
(2)        All buildings, structures, outdoor storage areas, and any other activity areas shall be located a minimum of 100 feet from all roads and 200 feet from all other lot lines.
(3)        In no instance shall activity areas be located within a required frontage landscaping or bufferyard areas.
(4)        Operations shall not involve the storage, handling, or collection of hazardous materials as defined by state statutes.

Sexually oriented land use

See also § 245-16.1 Sexually oriented land uses include any facility oriented to the display of sexually oriented materials, such as videos, movies, photos, books, or magazines, or actual persons displaying and/or touching sexually specified areas, including the provision of body piercing or tattooing services to sexually specified areas. For the purpose of this chapter, "sexually specified areas" includes any of the following: genitals, anal area, female areola or nipple. "Sexually oriented material" includes any media which displays sexually specified area(s). Establishments that sell or rent sexually oriented materials shall not be considered sexually oriented if the area devoted to sale of said materials is less than 50% of the sales area devoted to nonsexually oriented materials and if such materials are placed in generic covers or otherwise obscured areas.

Development Requirements:
(1) Facilities shall be located a minimum of 100 feet from the property line of any residentially zoned property and shall be located a minimum of 1,000 feet from the property line of any school, church, or outdoor recreational facility.
(2) Exterior building appearance and signage shall be designed to ensure that the use does not detract from the ability of businesses in the vicinity to attract customers nor affect the marketability of properties in the vicinity for sale at their assessed values.

Short-term rental

Residential dwellings that are offered for rent for a fee and for fewer than 29 consecutive days.

Single family

A dwelling designed for and occupied by not more than one family and having no roof, wall or floor in common with any other dwelling unit. This dwelling unit type consists of a fully detached single-family residence that is located on an individual lot.

Solar energy system (meeting area requirements)

Solar energy systems that meet the all of the site regulations, inclusive of setback and height requirements, for accessory structures in the zoning districts in which they are located, whether freestanding or roof- or wall-mounted.

Solar energy system (not meeting area requirements)

Solar energy systems that do not meet the all of the site regulations, inclusive of setback and height requirements, for accessory structures in the zoning districts in which they are located, whether freestanding or roof- or wall-mounted.

Stormwater facilities

These include all improvements, including but not limited to swales, ditches, culverts, drains, tiles, gutters, levees, basins, detention or retention facilities, impoundments, and dams, intended to affect the direction, rate and/or volume of stormwater runoff, snowmelt, and/or channelized flows across, within, and/or away from a site.

Swimming pool

Development Requirements:
(1) The swimming pool must be intended for the sole use of the occupants and guests of the principal use of the property on which the pool is located.
(2) A swimming pool, together with its surrounding walk, deck, patio, diving platforms and bathhouses, shall be considered an accessory structure, shall be so located that all parts of the complex are in conformity with the setback and yard requirements of the applicable district, and shall not, together will all other accessory structures located on the lot, exceed the maximum accessory structure limitation for lots in the applicable zoning district. No swimming pool shall be located in the front or side yard of the principal building.
(3) A barrier to entry shall be required as set forth in § 195-3 of this Municipal Code. Where a fence is required, a fence permit pursuant to § 245-14 of this Municipal Code is required.
(4) Except for a properly installed diving board, access ladder, deck, or safety railing, there shall be an unobstructed area of at least three feet surrounding the entire pool for aboveground pools.

Temporary construction storage

Temporary construction storage includes any structure or outdoor storage area designed for the on-site storage of construction equipment and/or materials for an active construction project. Temporary construction storage, including dumpsters, may be used for the duration of the project.

Development Requirements:
(a) The structure shall be removed within 10 days of issuance of a full certificate of zoning compliance.
(b) Projects requiring the structure to be in place for more than 365 days shall require a conditional use permit. Said time limit may be extended with Village Board approval.
(c) The structure shall be limited to a maximum area not exceeding 10% of the property's gross site area.
(d) This section does not apply to temporary construction storage or dumpsters to be placed in a public right-of-way. Placement in the right-of-way requires a right-of-way permit from the Director of Public Works.

Temporary fair or amusement park

Temporary farm product sales

This land use includes the temporary outdoor display and sales of farm products, typically from a roadside stand.

Temporary outdoor assembly

Temporary outdoor assembly. Includes any organized outdoor assembly of more than 100 persons, such as an outdoor wedding or tent meeting.

Temporary outdoor sales

Includes the display of any items outside the confines of a building that is not otherwise permitted as a permitted or conditional use, a sidewalk seating and display permit, or a special event otherwise regulated by the Municipal Code. Examples of this land use include, but are not limited to, sidewalk sales, seasonal garden shops, tent sales, Christmas tree sales, bratwurst stands, and more than three garage sales per year (see § 182-12 for garage sale regulations).

Temporary relocatable building

A relocatable building includes but is not limited to any manufactured building, shed or other rigid structure that is not permanently attached to a foundation, that can be or is used for the storage of personal property or equipment of any kind, and that is located outside of an enclosed building. When used in conjunction with a temporary use permit, no separate permit is required. When used as part of the permanent use of the property, relocatable buildings are considered accessory structures that must meet the requirements of § 245-117 of this Municipal Code and do not require a temporary use permit. Relocatable buildings larger than 200 square feet in area require building permits. See Ch. 98 of this Municipal Code.

Temporary storage container

These containers are portable storage containers designed and used primarily for the temporary storage of household goods and other such materials for use on a limited basis on residential property.

Development Requirements:
Temporary storage containers that adhere to the following regulations and meet the requirements of Subsection F(3)(b) below shall require a temporary use permit.
(a) The container shall not exceed outside dimensions of 40 feet in length, 10 feet in width, and nine feet in height.
(b) The container shall be permitted on the property for the time required by the applicant and set forth in the permit. No permit is required for a container in place for less than eight days.
(c) The container cannot encroach on the public right-of-way, neighboring property, or sidewalk or be placed in the street.
(d) This section does not apply to a temporary storage container to be placed in a public right-of-way. Placement of a temporary storage container or dumpster in the right-of-way requires a right-of-way permit from the Department of Public Works

Tents, canopies, flexible structures

Development Requirements:
(a)   A tent, canopy or other flexible or semi-flexible structure associated with a permitted temporary use is allowed for the time period for the temporary use if it is incidental to the permitted temporary use and was approved as part of the application. It shall not be located in the vision clearance triangle.
(b)   Tents used for temporary recreational purposes in residential zoning districts shall not be regulated when they are incidental to the residential use and are placed in the side or rear yard.
(c)   Tents, canopies and other flexible or semi-flexible structures shall not be used for storage of any kind in any zoning district unless associated with a temporary use permit or special event permit, or for temporary recreational purposes.

Transit center

A building, structure, and/or area designed and used for the purpose of loading, unloading, or transferring passengers or accommodating the movement of passengers from one mode of transportation to another. Examples include bus stations, train stations, and park and ride stations.

Truck-trailer rental establishment

Truck-trailer rental establishment. A place where trucks, utility trailers, and related items are kept and rented out, generally to those moving their personal and household belongings. Servicing of vehicles and trailers stored on site is allowed provided such use is clearly incidental as may be established by the Plan Commission.

Development Requirements:
(1) Trucks and trailers shall not be stored within the front yard setback, the side yard setback, or the rear yard setback.
(2) The location on the property where trucks and trailers may be stored shall be clearly indicated on an approved site plan, which shall include the total number of trucks and trailers that may be stored on site, whether there is a limit on the size and/or number of axles on the trucks or trailers that may be stored on site, and whether trucks that require a commercial driver's license to operate may be stored on site.

Two family

A dwelling designed for and occupied by not more than two families and having a roof, wall or floor in common with one other dwelling unit.

Vehicle sales

Vehicle sales include the sale and display of vehicles for sale or rent outside of an enclosed building. Such land uses also include a repair shop associated with the vehicle display lot and sales building, provided the repair portion is clearly incidental to the sales operation as determined by the Plan Commission. Such land uses do not include the storage or display of inoperative vehicles or equipment or other materials typically associated with a salvage yard or junkyard.

Development Requirements:
(1)   The outdoor display and sales area shall be calculated as the area that would be enclosed by a required physical separation installed and continually maintained in the most efficient manner which completely encloses all vehicles displayed outdoors.
(2)   The display of vehicles shall not be permitted within required setback areas for the principal structure.
(3)   The display of vehicles shall not be permitted in permanently protected green space areas, required landscaped areas, or required bufferyards.
(4)   In no event shall the display of vehicles reduce or inhibit the use or number of parking stalls provided on the property below the requirement established by the provisions of § 245-15. If the number of provided parking stalls on the property is already less than the requirement, such display area shall not further reduce the number of parking stalls already present.
(5)   Display areas shall be separated from any circulation area by a minimum of 10 feet. This separation shall be clearly delimited by a physical separation such as a greenway, curb, fence, or line of planters or by a clearly marked paved area.
(6)   Signs, screening, enclosures, landscaping, or materials being displayed shall not interfere in any manner with either on-site or off-site traffic visibility, including potential vehicle/vehicle and vehicle/pedestrian conflicts.
(7)   Facility shall be surrounded by a bufferyard with a minimum opacity of 0.60 along all borders of the display area abutting residentially zoned property, except per Subsection Q(5) above (see Article XI).
(8)   Vehicle sales shall be permitted during the entire calendar year; however, if vehicles are removed from the display area, all support fixtures used to display the vehicles shall be removed within 10 calendar days of the vehicles' removal.
(9)   Inoperable vehicles or equipment, or other items typically stored or displayed in a junkyard or salvage yard, shall not be displayed for this land use.
(10)   Vehicle sales are not allowed in the Downtown District.

Vehicle storage and impound yard

A place for the temporary storage of wrecked and/or inoperative and/or abandoned motor vehicles. The dismantling, wrecking, or sale of said vehicles or parts thereof is strictly prohibited.

Vehicle towing establishment

A place where tow trucks may be kept along with towed vehicles, provided such use is associated with a permitted or conditional use, and the scale of the operation is clearly incidental to the permitted or conditional use as may be established by the Plan Commission.

Vehicle towing establishment

A place where tow trucks may be kept along with towed vehicles.

Wind energy system (not meeting requirements or more than 20 feet in height)

Vertical wind turbines that do not meet the all of the site regulations, inclusive of setback and height requirements, for accessory structures in the zoning districts in which they are located, whether freestanding or roof- or wall-mounted and/or are more than 20 feet in height.

Wind energy systems (meeting requirements and less than 20 feet in height)

Vertical wind turbines that meet the all of the site regulations, inclusive of setback and height requirements, for accessory structures in the zoning districts in which they are located, whether freestanding or roof- or wall-mounted.

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Zoning Code Portal | Land Uses